Here I present: Paul Passy, “International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)”, 1886, AFRICAN SUPRAPHYLUM.
INTRODUCTION.
IPA is a phonetic notation system that is used to represent each distinct sound that exists in human spoken speech.
It encompasses all languages of the world. The system was created in 1886 by linguist Paul Passy and last updated in 2020.
The International Phonetic Alphabet’ (IPA) is currently 163 symbols. IPA consists of 107 letters, 52 diacritics, and 4 prosodic marks.
COMMENTS.
The International Phonetic Alphabet’ (IPA) is composed of pulmonic and non-pulmonic consonants (clicks, ejectives, implosives). Non-pulmonic consonants are signature sounds in the African supraphylum. Just as the tonal-prosody is signature sound of Dene-Caucasian (Sino-Tibetan, others); the African supraphylum contains ingressive consonants. The Nostratic supraphylum is a domain of pulmonic consonants.
Out-of-Africa Hypothesis.
In diagrams in this blog post are consistent with the Out-of-Africa hypothesis as the origin of speech, based on the unique, characteristic “phonetic alphabets” of the African supraphylum.
