Genomic coordinate (human 12:57,745,039 TSPAN31 & mouse 10:126,903,149 Tspan31).
Cytoband (human 12q14.1 TSPAN31 & mouse 10d1 Tspan31).
Cytoband Position (0.5=human 12q14.1 & 0.9=mouse 10d1 ).
WG₂B₂GC_C[TSPAN31]BG₅B₂G₆
Chromosome-12 Cytobands: WG2B2GC_CBG5B2G6
WG₂B₂GC_C[TSPAN31]BG₅B₂G₆→ ⠠⠺⠛⠼⠃⠃⠛⠉⠸⠩⠉⠷⠞⠎⠏⠁⠝⠼⠳⠸⠪⠃⠛⠼⠑⠃⠼⠋
Chromosome-10 Cytobands: BGB4GBG
Here I 🎁 present: “Sarcoma Amplified Sequence”, Victor McKusick, Mendelian Inheritance in Man’, 1966. (TSPAN31)
INTRODUCTION.
The ABOVE scientific graphic shows, as the expression level of TSPAN31 increases from low to high, cells transition from a normal state to cancer progression.
Here is a breakdown of the key information shown in the selected diagram:
Expression Level Curve
- Low Expression (Left/Blue Region): Corresponds to normal tissue with balanced, baseline TSPAN31 expression levels and standard healthy cell morphology.
- High Expression (Right/Red Region): Corresponds to cancer tissue, characterized by a steep upward curve representing highly elevated TSPAN31 expression.
Progression Mechanism
Directly below the expression curve, the graphic outlines the exact biological steps driven by this increase:
- TSPAN31 Amplification / Overexpression: Triggered by a somatic copy-number gain at the chromosomal location 12q14.1.
- Altered Tetraspanin-31 Function: Disrupts the membrane-associated signaling networks of the cell.
- Oncogenic Signaling Activation: Activates downstream pathways including PI3K/Akt/\(\beta \)-Catenin and EMT (Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition).
- Cellular Malignancy: Promotes rapid cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
- Tumor Progression: Culminates in increased tumor growth, tissue invasion, and metastasis.
