Here I present: “Congenital Dysmelodia Amusia“, Victor McKusick, Mendelian Inheritance in Man’, 1966. MIM# 191200. 先天性失樂症。icd10=W89.8
INTRODUCTION.
Victor McKusick, Mendelian Inheritance in Man’, 1966 lists “Congenital Dysmelodia Amusia” as disorder #191200.
Amusia is a musical disorder that appears mainly as a defect in processing pitch but also encompasses musical memory and recognition. Two main classifications of amusia exist: acquired amusia, which occurs as a result of brain damage, and congenital dysmelodia amusia, which results from a music-processing anomaly present since birth.
Congenital dysmelodia amusia, commonly known as tone deafness refers to a musical disability that cannot be explained by prior brain lesion, hearing loss, cognitive defects, or lack of environmental stimulation, and it affects 4% of the population.
In 1825, Franz Joseph Gall mentioned a “musical organ” in a specific region of the human brain that could be spared or disrupted after a traumatic event resulting in brain damage. In 1865, Jean-Baptiste Bouillaud described the first series of cases that involved the loss of music abilities that were due to brain injury. In 1878, Grant Allen was the first to describe in the medical literature what would later be termed congenital amusia, calling it “note-deafness“. Later, during the late nineteenth century, several influential neurologists studied language in an attempt to construct a theory of cognition. While not studied as thoroughly as language, music and visual processing were also studied. In 1888–1890, August Knoblauch produced a cognitive model for music processing and termed it amusia.
