S. Aronoff, A. Benson, W. Hassid & Melvin Calvin, "Distribution of Carbon-14 in Photosynthesizing Barley Seedlings", 1947.

, Melvin Calvin and colleague Andrew Benson used radioactive carbon-14 to study photosynthesis.  The metabolism of carbon dioxide fixation was discovered.  Carbon-14 usage in the plant kingdom for the Calvin-Benson cycle discovery.  The opposite, carbon-14 usage in the discovery of respiration metabolism by Joseph Katz of Warburg respiration.  Respiration and photosynthesis  made fundamental usage carbon-14.  Continue reading S. Aronoff, A. Benson, W. Hassid & Melvin Calvin, "Distribution of Carbon-14 in Photosynthesizing Barley Seedlings", 1947.

Charles Hinton, "Fourth Dimension: A Language of Space", 1906.

Charles Hinton in 1880 published an article entitled “What is the Fourth Dimension“. Here I present: Charles Hinton, “Fourth Dimension: A Language of Space”, 1906 which was a mathematics text. The periodic table of “universal” chemical elements presented by Dimitri Mendeleev required a new geometry. Hinton was the first the mathematician of other dimensions. The … Continue reading Charles Hinton, "Fourth Dimension: A Language of Space", 1906.

Terrence Deacon, “The Symbolic Species: The Co-evolution of Language and the Brain”, 1997.

The book published in 1997 on symbolic thinking was on neural linguistics. The language areas of brain: are the expression, Broca Area and the receptive Wernicke Area. The “Arcuate Fasciculus” is a nerve fiber bundle connection from Broca to  Wernicke areas. The use of symbols and symbolic thinking in neurology is Deacon’s subject. Continue reading Terrence Deacon, “The Symbolic Species: The Co-evolution of Language and the Brain”, 1997.

Photosynthetic Periodicity.

Robert Whittaker in 1969 put forth the “Five Kingdoms of Life”. The hyperlink is to that post. The “Plant Kingdom” is of multicellular eukaryotes. “Photosynthetic Periodicity” in the table above includes unicellular prokaryotes in a domain of three kingdoms.   All of the divisions above are edible vegetation. In Japanese cookery, Red, Green & Brown … Continue reading Photosynthetic Periodicity.

Joseph Katz, "The use of Glucose Carbon-14 in the Study of the Pathways of Glucose Metabolism in Mammalian Tissues".

Here is the use of a radioactive isotope in metabolomics by Joseph Katz.  Otto Warburg’s decades earlier research  was foundational metabolism study.  Carbon-14, here used by Joseph Katz was the next generation of metabolomics. Continue reading Joseph Katz, "The use of Glucose Carbon-14 in the Study of the Pathways of Glucose Metabolism in Mammalian Tissues".