Here I present: “Great Ape & Human Synteny: CONTINUED”.
INTRODUCTION.
The ATOP human karyotype of chromosomes was in the era (1960’s) before DNA intercalating stains (Giemsa & Quinacrine).
The advance to DNA intercalating staining methods (Giemsa and Quinacrine) was a breakthrough in chromosome-sized DNA. The stains intercalated the chromosome-sized DNA, and produced base-pair specific bands, shown BELOW.
STAINING PATTERN.
Black was AT:TA, Gray was TA:GC, and White was GC:CG. Black, gray & white at a resolution 3.4 Angstroms (0.34 nanometers) was the result. Although light microscopy is not base-pair resolution, cytobands could be standardized for all human chromosomes’.
BENEATH are the cytobands of human chromosome #10. Genomic coordinates 1-3,000,000 is cytoband 10p15.3 ; and genomic coordinates 128,800,001-133,797,422 is cytoband 10q26.3.
DISCUSSION.
Great Ape & Human synteny is clearly seen in the ABOVE ideogram. From right-to-left, are human, chimpanzee, gorilla & orangutan chromosomes. Human, primate, rodent synteny is essential knowledge for nosology’ (disease study).
