D Rugar, J Heiserman, S Minden, C Quate, “Acoustic microscopy of human metaphase chromosomes”, JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY, 1980.

Marina Seabright, Rapid Banding Technique Human Chromosomes’, Lancet, year 1971, pages 971-972 was the topic of an earlier blog post.

Here I present: D Rugar, J Heiserman, S Minden, C Quate, “Acoustic microscopy of human metaphase chromosomes”, JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY, 1980.

INTRODUCTION.

In 1971 Marina Seabright produced a breakthrough in the study of human chromosomes’ with Giemsa staining in optical microscopy.   Electron and Optical microscopy are commonly used in chromosome study.   D Rugar, J Heiserman, S Minden, C Quate produced the first Acoustic microscopy of human chromosomes’ (using cryogenic liquid).

COMMENTS.

Ultrasound imaging is an acoustic diagnostic  tool commonly used in pregnancy.   Samples of amniocentesis are taken and chromosomes are examined in the laboratory.  BELOW is a mechanical and electrical circuit analogy useful in equating acoustic and electric microscopy instruments.